StoreThe Last Kindness

Law as on 10 September 2026Edition 1.0

A member has died. Who gets the flat — and what does the family do this week?

The Last Kindness — A will, a nomination and a clear path for the people you leave behind

Nobody plans the week after a death. The family sits with a folder it has never opened, the society needs something in writing, the bank asks for a certificate nobody has heard of — and underneath it all is the question of who the flat now belongs to. This book is the order of things: what to do in the first ninety days, who inherits when there is no will, how to write one that a court will honour, and which court document unlocks which asset — with the letter, the form and the provision for each step.

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The Last Kindness — cover

Which of these is on your desk today?

Each one is answered in two lines here, and in full — with the letter, the register entry and the resolution — inside.

The nominee says the flat is now theirs — is that true?

No. The society admits the nominee as a provisional member so that someone is answerable for the flat; ownership goes by the will or the succession law of the family. The Supreme Court settled it.

s.154B-13 · Indrani Wahi (2016) 6 SCC 440 · Shakti Yezdani (SC, 2023)Inside: A-3 · B-1

A member died last week — what do we do first?

Death certificate copies, written intimation to the society, keep paying the bills, find the will, one folder. Not: let anyone take the flat's papers or "take over". The first-week route, with the letter.

r.106C-6 · MBL 33–35Inside: A-1 · DS-1, DS-14

There is no nomination — how do the heirs get the flat?

The society publishes a notice inviting the heirs' applications; the heirs apply with their documents, and where they agree, a registered family arrangement in Form Y-5 with an indemnity; where they do not, the court's document decides.

r.106C-6(1)(b),(2) · s.154B-13Inside: A-4 · DS-6, DS-8

Who inherits a Hindu's property when there is no will?

Class I heirs — the widow, sons, daughters and mother each take one share; the branches of predeceased children take one share between them. The father is Class II and takes nothing while a Class I heir lives. Worked out for six families.

ss.8–10 HSA · ScheduleInside: B-2, B-3

Is a daughter a coparcener in ancestral property?

Yes, by birth, whether or not her father was alive on 9 September 2005 — the Supreme Court in Vineeta Sharma. What that means for the flat and the HUF.

s.6 HSA · Vineeta Sharma (2020) 9 SCC 1Inside: B-3c

How is a Muslim's estate divided, and can he will the flat to one child?

By the Shariat — fixed shares for the widow, mother, daughters and the residue to sons and others; a will can dispose of only one-third of the estate and, for Sunnis, nothing to an heir without the other heirs' consent. A lifetime gift (hiba) is the planning tool.

Shariat Act 1937 · s.129 TPAInside: B-4 · C-11 · DS-18

Do I need probate in Mumbai?

For a Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh, Jain or Parsi will made in Mumbai or concerning immovable property there — yes, probate is mandatory before any right under the will can be asserted. Elsewhere in Maharashtra it is not mandatory but often demanded.

s.213 read with s.57 ISAInside: D-2

What does probate cost and how long does it take?

Court fee on the estate: 2% to ₹50,000, 4% to ₹2 lakh, 6% to ₹3 lakh, 7.5% above — capped at ₹75,000; ₹10,000 if the applicant is the widow (August 2024 notification). Uncontested, commonly four to eight months.

Art. 10, Sch. I, Maharashtra Court-fees Act 1959Inside: D-2b · D-10

Succession certificate or legal heirship certificate — which one?

A succession certificate is for debts and securities (bank balances, deposits, shares) from the District Judge; a heirship certificate under Bombay Regulation VIII of 1827 comes from the civil court; the Tahsildar's certificate serves pension and government purposes. Which office for which asset.

ss.370–381 ISA · Reg. VIII of 1827Inside: D-5, D-6

How do I write a will that will not be thrown out?

Sign it before two attesting witnesses who see you sign and sign in your presence; keep beneficiaries out of the witness chairs; date it, sign every page, add a doctor's note if you are elderly; register it if you can. Then avoid the suspicious-circumstances traps the Supreme Court has named.

s.63 ISA · Venkatachala Iyengar AIR 1959 SC 443 · Kavita Kanwar (SC, 2020)Inside: C-4, C-8 · DS-16

Can the society refuse to transfer the flat until the dues are paid?

For a sale, yes. For an heir or a nominee the Act expressly excepts the transfer from the dues-first condition — the dues remain a charge on the flat and are recovered, but they are not a bar to admitting the heir.

s.154B-7 · s.154B-14Inside: A-5 · D-9

My nomination at the bank and my will say different things

The nominee receives; the heirs own — unless the law makes the nominee a beneficial owner (insurance, since 2015). Align every nomination with the will so the two never fight.

s.39(7) Insurance Act · s.45ZA BR Act · Sarbati Devi (1984) 1 SCC 424Inside: C-15, C-16

The heirs are fighting — what should the Secretary do?

Nothing that decides ownership. Keep the flat's record in abeyance by resolution, admit no one, collect the dues, and wait for the court's document. The letter and the resolution are inside.

s.154B-13Inside: A-5 · DS-10 · R-6

A widow with two children; parents of an unmarried son; a second marriage; an heir abroad

Four families, four routes — who applies, with what, and the trap in each (the father who takes nothing; the second wife and the first family; the power of attorney from abroad).

ss.8–10 HSA · r.106C-6Inside: A-8

What can a will not change?

A Muslim's one-third limit; a coparcener's share that vests by birth; a nominee's beneficial rights under insurance law; property already gifted. The table of limits, so the will is written to the law.

s.30 HSA · Shariat ActInside: B-10b

The first week, and one page of Part C — free

This is the register of the book: what to do, with the provision and the format beside it. Read the first week and the will page, then decide.

Day 1–3 — the death certificate

Register the death with the municipal office and take several certified copies; every office you meet in the next year will keep one. Do nothing about the flat until it is in hand.

Practice · DS-14
Day 3–7 — tell the society in writing

A short letter with a copy of the death certificate, signed by whoever is nearest — spouse, child, nominee. It does not decide anything; it starts the file, and the society cannot act on a death it has not been told of in writing.

MBL 33–35 · DS-1
Week 1 — find the will, if there is one

Ask the family lawyer, the bank locker, the desk drawer. If the will was deposited with the Registrar of Assurances, only the person named may withdraw it. Do not open a sealed will alone — open it before two members of the family, note the date, and keep the envelope.

s.42 Registration Act · C-12
C-4 — section 63, step by step

Write it. Date it and say where. Read it through. Sign at the end of every page, and at the foot, in the presence of two witnesses together. Each witness then signs in your presence. Neither witness should be a beneficiary — for a Christian or Parsi the gift to a witness is void; for a Hindu it is the first suspicious circumstance a court will look at. No stamp. Registration is optional; do it anyway.

s.63, s.67 ISA · s.18 Registration Act

That is the register. The full product has every entry, every letter and every resolution behind it.

What is inside

  • Part A · The first ninety days — the first week; what the society will ask for and why; the nominee's route (Form Y-4, indemnity, what a provisional member may and may not do); no nomination — the heirs' route; the society's duties and refusals; the timeline to month twelve; the five documents; four real-shaped families
  • Part B · Who inherits when there is no will — the map of which law applies; Hindus (Class I and II, the section 10 rules with worked shares, coparcenary and daughters, women's property); Muslims (Hanafi shares, the one-third limit, hiba; Shia differs); Christians; Parsis; Special Marriage Act marriages; joint holdings and HUF; four worked families; what a will would have changed and what it cannot
  • Part C · The will — what it does; the concrete cost of not having one; who may make one; section 63 step by step; the clause map; the mistakes that get wills thrown out (the suspicious-circumstances doctrine, with the Supreme Court's own tests); changing it; a Muslim's will; custody and the executor; the 25-question will interview; the nomination aligned with the will
  • Part D · After the death — which document unlocks which asset; probate (when mandatory in Mumbai, the petition, the fee, the time); contested wills; letters of administration; succession certificate; heirship certificate (civil court and Tahsildar); family arrangement and release deed; mutation; closing the loop with the society; costs and timelines
  • Part E · Thirty formats and eight resolutions — intimation of death, the society's reply, Form Y-4 application, indemnity bond, heirs' application, consent affidavit, family arrangement (Form Y-5), nomination and revocation, a complete model will, codicil, Muslim will, letter of wishes, executor's checklist, attesting-witness affidavit, probate and succession-certificate petition skeletons, heirship applications, caveat, release deed, letters to bank and society; resolutions for the committee
  • Part F · Where the book stops — the situations that need a lawyer and what to bring; glossary; sources and verification
  • 125 A4 pages, large readable type · every authority a named, dated Supreme Court or Bombay High Court decision, verified before publication · Pro adds 40 editable Word files

What it prevents

Treating the nominee as the ownerThe heirs surface with a succession certificate and the society has endorsed the wrong name on the share certificates.154B-13 · Indrani Wahi
A will signed without two attesting witnesses present togetherNot a will at all; the estate passes as if there were nones.63 ISA
A beneficiary as the attesting witnessThe gift to the witness is void (Christian/Parsi) or the first suspicious circumstance a court examines (Hindu)s.67 ISA · Venkatachala Iyengar
Filing for a succession certificate to get a flatMonths lost — it covers debts and securities, not the flatss.370–381 ISA
Refusing an heir's admission for unpaid duesUnlawful — the Act excepts heirs and nominees from the dues-first rule; the dues are a charge, not a bars.154B-7 · s.154B-14
A Hindu woman dying without a willHer self-acquired property may go to her husband's heirs, not her parentss.15 HSA · Om Prakash v. Radhacharan

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The book

The complete handbook as a PDF — 125 pages

₹499
  • The first ninety days after a death — for the family and the society
  • Who inherits without a will — worked shares for Hindu, Muslim, Christian and Parsi families
  • How to write a will that stands (section 63, step by step) and the mistakes that get wills thrown out
  • Probate, letters of administration, succession certificate, heirship certificate — court, fee, time
  • 30 formats and 8 resolutions (PDF), including a complete model will
  • Free revised edition when the law changes

Pro — with editable Word files

The will, the codicil, the Form Y-4 and every letter as .docx

₹799
  • Everything in the book
  • 40 editable Word files — the model will, codicil, Muslim will, nomination, Form Y-4 application, indemnity bond, family arrangement, petitions, letters
  • Fill, print, sign
  • Same free updates

Want to edit the letters in Word instead of retyping them? Pro — with editable Word files₹799 — includes every file as .docx.

Bought once, kept current

Bought once, kept current. When a provision this book relies on changes — the Succession Act, the Hindu Succession Act, the MCS Rules, the model bye-laws, the court-fee schedule — you receive the revised edition free, at the email you bought with. And for one year from purchase you receive free update digests on major High Court and Supreme Court decisions on wills, nomination and succession.

What you are paying for — and what is free

The Acts and the bye-laws are free on this site and elsewhere, and a will needs no lawyer and no stamp. What you are paying for is the order and the judgement: which document for which asset, the step families miss, the clause that keeps a will out of court, the letter the society should send and the one it should not — with the provision beside each, and only real cases, named and dated. Two independent verification passes were run against the statutes and the reports before it went on sale; the two places where the earlier draft was wrong (the rule for family arrangements and the dues-first exception for heirs) were found and corrected in that process, which is what the process is for.

Do not buy this if…

  • ×you are already in a contested probate, a partition suit or a court fight between heirs — the book tells you what to bring to the lawyer; it does not fight the case
  • ×the property is abroad, or the deceased was a foreign national — a different law applies
  • ×you want a Muslim estate actually distributed — the book gives the ordinary Hanafi shares and flags that Shia rules differ; the actual division needs a scholar or a lawyer
  • ×you are a managing agent looking to resell — the licence is to one household or one society

Questions buyers ask

Is the will template really usable?

Yes. DS-16 is a complete model will for a Hindu, Christian or Parsi testator — declaration, revocation, family, schedule of assets, specific and residuary bequests, executor and alternate, guardian, digital assets, and the attestation clause in the words section 63 needs. Part C explains every clause so you do not copy what you do not understand. Sign it before two witnesses; register it if you can.

Does it cover Mumbai's probate rule?

Yes — section 213 read with section 57 makes probate mandatory for a Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh, Jain or Parsi will made in Mumbai or concerning immovable property there, with the court, the petition heads, the fee slabs and cap, the widow's cap, and a realistic timeline.

Which cases are cited?

Only real, verified decisions, named and dated: Indrani Wahi (2016) 6 SCC 440, Shakti Yezdani (SC, 14 Dec 2023), Sarbati Devi (1984) 1 SCC 424, Ramdas Sattur (Bom HC, 2009), Vineeta Sharma (2020) 9 SCC 1, H. Venkatachala Iyengar AIR 1959 SC 443, Jaswant Kaur (1977) 1 SCC 369, Kavita Kanwar (SC, 19 May 2020), Kale (1976) 3 SCC 119, Mary Roy (1986) 2 SCC 209, Om Prakash v. Radhacharan (2009) 15 SCC 66. Nothing else.

What do I get after paying?

A download link on the screen and by email, live for a year. The book: one PDF, 125 pages. Pro: the same PDF plus a ZIP of 40 Word files — every format and resolution with the blanks laid out. An invoice is issued automatically and attached to the delivery email.

Is it legal advice?

No. It is educational material published by SocietySeWA, written by two practising advocates and verified against the statutes and the reports as on 10 September 2026. Part F says exactly where it stops.

Marathi edition?

In preparation as a separate product. Buyers of the English edition will be told first.

Where this product stops and a lawyer starts

A contested will or caveat, a partition, a minor heir's share, an HUF, a Muslim distribution, property abroad, a second marriage with two families, or a Registrar's notice already served — these are marked in Part F as the places where the book stops. Bring the file; the book tells you what should be in it.

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The Last KindnessA will, a nomination and a clear path for the people you leave behind
Sold by Expert Jurist LLP (SocietySeWA), CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai. Digital download delivered at once, so all sales are final — if a file does not open, write to support@societysewa.in and we re-send it first. Refund policy · Terms · All products. Educational material, not legal advice; the law is stated as on 10 September 2026.